Classroom Assessment in Fifth Grade Science Essay

Red Azalea essays

Red Azalea expositions The reason for this paper is to present, talk about, and dissect the book Red Azalea: Life and Love in China, by Anchee Min. In particular, it will portray life in Communist China during the Cultural Revolution (late 1960s) for a young lady, and remark on the level of freedom decision delighted in by ladies in the book. The ladies living in China during the Cultural Revolution didn't appreciate autonomy or decision they lived in dread and under consistent investigation of the Communist Party. Anchee Min's book Red Azalea is a contacting story of a little youngster growing up under Communist principle in China. She had a troublesome life, and in spite of the fact that ladies participated in the Cultural Revolution and were a significant piece of it, ladies and all Chinese were not autonomous or free during this time, they lived under the careful gaze of the Communist Party. A large portion of what they did was not willingly, however picked for them by the Party. Min says she was an adult by the age of five, and she absolutely had no way out about it was anticipated from all the youngsters, as she composes here: I was a grown-up since the age of five. That was the same old thing (Min 4). She needs to go about as a grown-up in light of the fact that her folks, and everybody's folks, were caught up with working for the Revolution, and they had no way out either, on the grounds that they would have been sent away, or even slaughtered on the off chance that they didn't bolster the Communist Party and their Revolution. It is evident that Min and her family didn't appreciate the opportunity and freedom we appreciate here in America. At a certain point in the book, she is compelled to revolt against her preferred educator, Autumn Leaves, by the Party, and she does it since she is so scared of them. I didn't have the foggiest idea why I was crying. I heard myself requiring my folks as I took the amplifier. I said Mama, Papa, where right? The group waved their irate clench hands at me and yelled, Down! Down! I was so sca ... <!

Cognitive Dissonance and How to Resolve It

Cognitive Dissonance and How to Resolve It Theories Cognitive Psychology Print Cognitive Dissonance When Behavior and Beliefs Disagree By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 14, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD on July 14, 2019 Verywell / Hugo Lin More in Theories Cognitive Psychology Behavioral Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In This Article Table of Contents Expand Definition Influential Factors Examples Common Reactions View All Back To Top The term cognitive dissonance is used to describe the  feelings of discomfort  that result when your beliefs run counter to your behaviors and/or new information that is presented to you.?? People tend to seek consistency in their attitudes and perceptions, so when what you hold true is challenged or what you do doesnt jibe with what you think, something must change in order to eliminate or reduce the dissonance (lack of agreement). A classic example of this is explaining something away. Definition Psychologist  Leon Festinger  first proposed a theory of cognitive dissonance centered on  how people try to reach internal consistency.?? He suggested that people have an inner need to ensure that their beliefs and behaviors are consistent. Inconsistent or conflicting beliefs lead to disharmony, which people strive to avoid. In his 1957 book,  A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance, Festinger explained, Cognitive dissonance can be seen as an antecedent condition which leads to activity oriented toward dissonance reduction just as hunger leads toward activity oriented toward hunger reduction. It is a very different motivation from what psychologists are used to dealing with but, as we shall see, nonetheless powerful.?? Influential Factors The degree of dissonance people experience can depend on a few different factors, including how highly they value a particular belief and the degree to which their beliefs are inconsistent. The overall strength of the dissonance can also be influenced by several factors:   Cognitions that are more personal, such as beliefs about the self, tend to result in greater dissonance.The importance of the cognitions; things that involve beliefs that are highly valued typically result in stronger dissonance.The ratio between dissonant (clashing) thoughts and consonant (harmonious) thoughtsThe greater the strength of the dissonance, the more pressure there is to relieve the feelings of discomfort.?? Cognitive dissonance can often have a powerful influence on our behaviors and actions. Examples Cognitive dissonance can occur in many areas of life, but it is particularly evident in situations where an individuals behavior conflicts with beliefs that are integral to his or her self-identity. A common example of cognitive dissonance occurs in the purchasing decisions we make on a regular basis.?? Consider a situation in which a man who places a value on being environmentally responsible just purchased a new car that he later discovers does not get great gas mileage. The conflict: It is important for the man to take care of the environment.He is driving a car that is not environmentally friendly. In order to reduce this dissonance between belief and behavior, he can sell the car and purchase another one that gets better gas mileage, or he can reduce his emphasis on environmental responsibility. In the case of the second option, his dissonance could be further minimized by engaging in actions that reduce the impact of driving a gas-guzzling vehicle, such as utilizing public transportation more frequently or riding his bike to work. Most people want to hold the belief that they make good choices. When a purchase turns out badly, it conflicts with their previously-existing belief about their decision-making abilities. In A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance, Festinger offers an example of how an individual might deal with dissonance related to a health behavior by discussing individuals who continue to smoke, even though they know it is bad for their health. According to Festinger, a person might decide that they value smoking more than health, deeming the behavior worth it in terms of risks versus rewards.?? Another way to deal with this dissonance is to minimize the potential drawbacks. The smoker might convince himself that the negative health effects have been overstated. He might also assuage his health concerns by telling himself that he cannot avoid every possible risk out there.?? Festinger suggested that the smoker might try to convince himself that if he does stop smoking then he will gain weight, which also presents health risks. By using such explanations, the smoker is able to reduce the dissonance and continue the behavior. Common Reactions When there are conflicts between cognitions (thoughts, beliefs, opinions), people will take steps to reduce the dissonance and feelings of discomfort. They can go about doing this a few different ways: Focus on more supportive beliefs that outweigh the dissonant belief or behavior. People who learn that greenhouse emissions result in global warming might experience feelings of dissonance if they drive a gas-guzzling vehicle. In order to reduce this dissonance, they might seek out new information that disputes the connection between greenhouse gasses and global warming. This new information might serve to reduce the discomfort and dissonance that the person experiences.Reduce the importance of the conflicting belief. A man who cares about his health might be disturbed to learn that sitting for long periods of time during the day is linked to a shortened lifespan. Since he has to work all day in an office and spends a great deal of time sitting, it is difficult to change his behavior in order to reduce his feelings of dissonance. In order to deal with the feelings of discomfort, he might instead find some way to justify his behavior by believing that his other healthy behaviorsâ€"lik e eating sensibly and occasionally exercisingâ€"make up for his largely sedentary lifestyle.Change the conflicting belief so that it is consistent with other beliefs or behaviors. Changing the conflicting cognition is one of the most effective ways of dealing with dissonance, but it is also one of the most difficult, particularly in the case of deeply held values and beliefs, such as religious or political leanings.?? A Word From Verywell Cognitive dissonance plays a role in many value judgments, decisions,  and evaluations. Becoming aware of how conflicting beliefs impact the decision-making process is a great way to improve your ability to make faster and more accurate choices.?? Mismatches between your beliefs and your actions can lead to feelings of discomfort (and, sometimes, coping choices that have negative impacts), but such feelings can also sometimes lead to change and growth. For example, if you believe that exercise is important for your health but you rarely make time for physical activity, you may experience cognitive dissonance. This resulting discomfort may lead you to seek relief by increasing the amount of exercise you get each week. In this instance, altering your behavior to increase consistency with your belief and reduce the cognitive dissonance you are experiencing  can play a positive role in your life and health.

The High Scope Curriculum For The Children Who Become A...

Throughout the last 60 years or so, the High Scope curriculum has been proven to be successful through research studies and everyday successes for the children who become a part of the program. This curriculum incorporates developmentally appropriate activities, curriculum content, approaches, and environment to support a child focused atmosphere and active learning. Because of the daily routine, active participation, and learning centers; the child gains a sense of self direction and independence as they become comfortable with the routine and get the chance to make their own choices and find out their interests. Using key development indicators the teachers are able to make assessments about the child and figure out where they are†¦show more content†¦Weikart and his colleagues created the high scope model and began the High Scope Perry Preschool as a local district project. According to Dr. Lawrence Schweinhart who joined the evaluation team in 1975, â€Å"The purpose of the study was to evaluate the High Scope model, in which teachers help children plan, carry out, and review their own educational activities.† (Schweinhart, 2002) According to our text book, Early Childhood Education Today by George S. Morrison, the High Scope method is made up of five key elements and three basic goals that make up a curriculum aimed at the children’s different stages of development including intellectual and social skills along with encouraging constructive processes of learning. The first three principles include active participation, daily planning by teaching staff, and setting developmental goals for the children. In active participation, the children are encouraged to choose their activities and are observed by the teacher who acts as a guide. Regular daily planning requires a developmentally based curriculum with observation of the children, which are done by the teaching staff. High Scope uses â€Å"key developmental indicators† meaning that the activities support developmentally vital skills and abilities, so the teachers set developmentally sequenced goals based on those indicators. These key developmental indicators, or KDIs, make up

Ray Bradbury Compare And Contrast Essay - 903 Words

Comparing and Contrasting Characteristics Ray Bradbury’s creation of character Montag in Fahrenheit 451 mirrors his own personal fears, social expectations, and importance of relations. Fahrenheit 451 is split up into 3 characteristics that the author, Ray Bradbury and the main character, Guy Montag share, bringing them to show their most common interests†¦ their love for book. They are willing to go to the fullest extinct for their passion without letting anything get in their way and taking all risks that is needed to succeed. As well as Ray Bradbury had some wild thoughts he also had some personal fears , afraid to take off his career and other reasons. Based off his past, it made the person and writer he is today , giving him the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å" I knew Ray Bradbury for the last thirty years of his life, and i was so lucky. He was so funny and gentle and always enthusiastic. He cared, completely and utterly about things. He cared about toys and childhood, and films. He cared about books. He cared about stories.† Even though Bradbury had issues at home with his family he never let it stop him from writing and chasing his dreams. He kept pushing forward as well as Montag, facing problems with his wife finding out he was no longer in love with his wife he still tried to make it work and focus on his main focus. â€Å"Despite economic problems that took his family twice to Arizona in search of work, and despite the deaths of two siblings, Bradbury’s memory of his early year s is positive.† Writing this novel Bradbury has let other readers feel close to him allowing them to feel like they can relate to him through his stories as well as Montag. Bradbury and Montag relate because they know what is expected of them to succeed and satisfy themselves. Montag holds the responsibility as being a fireman and burning books instead he keeps them other characters in the story can relate who have escaped the society and they will also help him to do the same. They both feel they need to catch up on their past and make the most of their life while they have it. â€Å" Montag opines on several occasions throughout the novel that he needs to catch up with the memories of the past.† They both love books and wouldShow MoreRelatedCritical Essay630 Words   |  3 PagesCritical Response Essay: Nethergrave vs. A Sound of Thunder You and I live in a world were modernism is reaching new heights every day. One day that touchscreen phone is considered new, and then next week it’s old news. These two stories that I am going to compare are about the role of technology, science and how it affects me and you. Based on how it uses new technology and modern science A Sound of Thunder is a better sci-fiction story. When it comes to technology, ‘A SoundRead MoreInsider in Fahrenheit 451 and Extra, a Thousand Years of Good Prayers1646 Words   |  7 Pagesyears of good prayers, we see that there is several of characters absorb the knowledge and social value. These characters are under controlled and they find it is a right way in obeying the structure of the society. ‘Outsider’ in Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury represents to the main character Montag and other characters such as Clarisse, Faber, the woman burnt and Captain Beatty. They are healthy on themselves. But there is something goes on a wrong way in the society. Besides, the ‘outsiders’ in theRead MoreThe Oracle by Ray Bradbury2527 Words   |  10 PagesThe Oracle: Ray Bradbury Often heralded as the world’s greatest nation, the United States is also considered home to the world’s greatest authors. Reputable authors such as Fitzgerald, Twain, and Steinbeck remain relevant even through the washing waves of time. One such timeless author, Ray Bradbury, ventured the hazardous path of taboo to write of change. Through his novels of innocent youths evolving into children enlightened beyond their years, Bradbury utilizes the motif of time, innocence, andRead MoreAnalysis Of All Summer On The Planet Of Venus And Raymond s Run ``1116 Words   |  5 Pages By: Kahramon Ergashev The SEEALL Academy Kahramon Ergashev Class 704 October 25, 2017 Compare and Contrast Essay How would you feel if you were bullied for being different from everyone else? Well, in the passage, All Summer In A Day, and, Raymond s Run, the main protagonists Margot and Raymond are like that. Margot was an earthling on the planet of Venus and Raymond was born with a disability. The situation that they areRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4514443 Words   |  18 Pages Introduction: How’d He Do That? My appreciation of a literary work was enhanced by understanding symbol when I read Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury. The science fiction novel is about Guy Montag, a man who is a firefighter. In this time, the job of a firefighter is to burn and destroy all books because reading or having books is illegal. He does his job, day by day, burning books without giving it a thought. As the novel continues, Montag realizes that books are not bad and tries to save them.Read MoreThe Sonnet Form: William Shakespeare6305 Words   |  26 PagesShakespeare’s Sonnets William Shakespeare The Sonnet Form A sonnet is a fourteen-line lyric poem, traditionally written in iambic pentameter—that is, in lines ten syllables long, with accents falling on every second syllable, as in: â€Å"Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?† The sonnet form first became popular during the Italian Renaissance, when the poet Petrarch published a sequence of love sonnets addressed to an idealized woman named Laura. Taking firm hold among Italian poets, the sonnetRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. 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One More Thing Free Essays

â€Å"One More Thing†: it is your choice The short story, One More Thing, is written by, American writer, Raymond Carver. Raymond Carver was born may 25, 1938, and he died august 2, 1988. He started his career back in 1958. We will write a custom essay sample on One More Thing or any similar topic only for you Order Now His first break through was with the book, Carnations. One More Thing, has three characters, Rae, Maxine and L. D. The short story is about L. D. , who gets kicked out of his home. L. D. is married to Maxine, and together they have a child, Rae, who is a 15 year old girl. L. D. ’s selfish behaviour illustrates how much it can cost you, if you do not think about the people that you really love. L. D. is a aggressive and selfish person, which you can see through his actions. He throws the jar through the window: he picked up the jar and pitched it through the kitchen window. Also the way he talks is aggressive: â€Å"All right, I’m going right now,† he said. â€Å"It suits me to a tee. You’re nuts here, anyway. This is a nuthouse. There’s another life out there. Believe me, this is no picnic, this nuthouse†. It is not written in the text, but it seems to be a problem for L. D. and his family, that he drinks to much: L. D. ’s wife, Maxine, told him to get the night she came home from work and found L. D. drunk again and being abusive to Rae. L. D. is also a bit confused. L. D. says many times, I’m going, or when Maxine tells him to leave, he just says, ok. He says it like he does not care, like he is not against, that it is fine. How ever, when he is done packing his stuff, and also a bit of Maxines (tooth paste, soap etc. ), he comes back into the living room. Then he is hesitating, because he does not know what to say only, this is it. This is good-bye. I don’t know what to say, except I guess I’ll never see you again. You too. Raymond Carver has a special writing style. He does not tell his reader what has happened before. He only tells the reader, the most important details. It is also called the minimalistic writer. He does not write much, but what he writes, is the most important. It is up to the reader to improvise, and think about what had happened. He gives his reader some responsibility, and some freedom, to use his or hers fantasy. He begins this short story real straight. There is no intro to the story, it just starts, L. D. ’s Wife, Maxine, told him to get out†¦ instead of for example, L. D. is a man. He is 35 years old. L. D. s married to Maxine. Normally the author would have a little intro, both for the story, but also an intro for the different characters in the story. The end of this short story, one more thing, is also different from a lot of other short stories. In this short story Raymond Carver stops the story as he has started it, real straight. Most of the times, the author gives the reader a closed ending of a story , by tell the reader where, in this case, L. D. would have gone. How ever, in this short story, Raymond Carver let his reader decide, or make his reader fantasies of what could happen next. Raymond Carvers, one more thing, is also in a easy, understandable language. Raymond Carver does not make use of too long sentences. Most of the time he makes short directly sentences, which is easy for the reader to understand. A theme to this short story could be, that you live your life through the people around you. L. D. is really confident at the beginning of the short story. In the beginning he is quick with answers to Rae, but later on, in the short story, Rae says to him: â€Å"just remember. † Rae said. â€Å"It’s in your head. † â€Å"I’m going, that’s all I can say,† L. D. said. â€Å"Anyplace†. As L. D. sees that he is actually has been thrown out of the house, and it was not just a normal fight, and he is loosing them who means something to him, he looses his confident. You need to show the important people in your life some love. You need to think of them too, and not just your self. If you stop care for them, you will lose them at some point. The text reminds you of, the fact that, people around makes you, and that, you live through them. How would you be if you did not have someone that you really loved? How to cite One More Thing, Papers

Polyphonic Hmi, Company Analysis free essay sample

The key players in the industry are the artists who write, compose, and perform the music; record companies who publish the music; and producers who help the artist select music and develop the style, Buyer power is high in the music industry as consumption patterns and consumers preferences of artists and styles directly affect revenues and profits of retailers, record companies and also determine the success of artists, songs and albums.Conversely, supplier power in the music industry is relatively low as majority of the successful albums and singles are created by the limited amount of contracted established musicians (page 6). The threat of potential entrants In this Industry Is low since regardless of thousands musicians trying to get into the industry, very few would pass screening process and will get even an opportunity for success. Nowadays there are Issues of on and offline piracy that have direct negative effect on the growth of the music industry, especially in USA (-10. We will write a custom essay sample on Polyphonic Hmi, Company Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 4%).There are currently five big companies that dominate the recorded music business; however, other smaller labels exist. (page 5). Lastly, the threat of substitutes Is low; music Is a source of entertainment that cannot be easily substituted. Due to emotional connections loyal music fans of certain artists and genres of music will not look for and possibly will not find a replacement COMPANY ANALYSIS (base d on SOOT) Strengths: Polyphonic Whims top management team Is a strong asset of the company that has essential for success experiences and knowledge regarding the music industry. The first mover position of the company increases competitive advantage. Assuming that HAS has a patent for Its technology, potential competitors will have difficulty entering the market, especially after Polyphonic HIM will establish itself as a market leader. Lastly, Polyphonic Whims HAS has a prediction success rate of 80% making product appealing for the targeted consumers. Weaknesses: Polyphonic Is a new company and therefore lacks vital market research and general market information about consumers.In addition, they are a subsidiary of Group AI who are currently unfamiliar with the Industry. Limited marketing budget of only SSL 50,000 hinders companys ability to fully position and promote itself in the industry. Opportunities: Since USA record music sales are declining and other research potentially capture the majority of record companies labels to provide scientific reductions and estimates for making better business decisions. First mover position increases competitive advantage.Threats: Expiration of the patent in the next few [ears will allow competitors to encroach in the market and engage in price wars. Currently, other versions of market research already exist and are well-established in the music industry such as calling-out (page. Lastly, because of the novelty of HAS, many potential consumers who are used to gut Judgments are skeptical of HAS ability to accurately pick out hit songs. EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVES Alternative 1: Target Record Labels (potential market size 30,000 albums/ year.Pros: An average of 80% of albums identified by HAS software materializes into financial success, as opposed to the industry average of only 10% where traditional hit Identification methods are used. HAS provides record label with a means to reduce the costs associated with unsuccessful singles and albums. The release of a single usually involves at least $300,000 in marketing expenditures (page), and even higher for established artists. Essentially, music single failures can be reduced from 9 out of 0 releases to 2 out of 10 releases.This in turn saves the labels up to $100,000 per album in research and focus group costs (page) and provides greater ROI. This higher success rate also comes at a lower cost than traditional methods used by record labels. Focus groups are the most common method used for identifying potential hits but results are inconsistent. Since HAS highly beneficial to Labels, it has good chance to capture decent size market share. Cons: Risky. Company might not get reasonable market share since record labels may be hesitant to adopt the new not 100% certain technology.The credibility of the software is the main issue that could potentially restrict market penetration. Alternative 2: Target Unsigned Artists (optimistic potential market size 20,800 demos/ Hear). Pros: Unsigned artists are highly motivated and desperate to gain exposure. This technology provides an opportunity for individual artists to assess the hit potential of their recordings while offering artists an indication of commercial success. Results from the HAS software allow artists to adjust their music in order to better match consumer tastes and preferences.Cons: Targeting unsigned artists is extractive in terms of long term company profitability. This market may have much lower levels of capital to invest compared with record labels. Although these artists may be determined to succeed they are unlikely to possess the financial backing that signed artist would, which may reduce their ability to purchase the product. The market for HAS is estimated to be 20,800 unsigned artists; however, it is unlikely that these potential customers will repeatedly use HAS and access to commercial success is ultimately in the hands of the record label and producers.If compositions that artists are emotionally attached to score lower than 7, they may decide against using the software again as they may perceive the results to be an unfair indication of their recordings, which lowers Polyphonic profit potential. Negative word of mouth from unsatisfied consumer reviews could damage the products reputation. Worth to be attracted to the product, as their works are an artistic expression of themselves, so hit potential rated by software software may not be at all attractive. Alternative 3: Target Producers (estimated potential market size of 10,000 albums/ year). Pros: HAS IS an assisting tool to developing hit records and singles. Opportunity to receive royalties from retail sales of successfully predicted singles/albums. Cons: Producers rely on experience, skill and gut feelings when producing music, so HAS may be eddied as an immediate threat to their trade. The market size of producers is also relatively small and would require significant market penetration in order to be a success. High turnover of producers requires continuous promotion to reach new incoming producers and limited free trails may have to be an ongoing expenditure.Ongoing promotional costs may outweigh the potential returns the producer industry offers. RECOMMENDATIONS After careful analysis, our team recommends for Polyphonic to target Record Labels that currently have the greatest market potential, with over 30,000 albums produced each year. This market is least price sensitive as Label Records have relatively more capital to invest than the other two alternatives. Warner Music Group, for example made over $1. Billion in 2003 (page 6). Polyphonic can charge higher prices and potentially enjoy higher profits and ROI.In addition, Record Labels are directly effected by the success of songs that are ranked in the Top 40 Chart position, with a high estimate of bringing up to $40,000,000 in revenue (page 9). We believe that Polyphonic HIM could optimistically capture 10% of the market knowing 80% of successful predictions. HAS should be presented to record labels as an aid tool in decision making process of which albums and singles should be released. In order to capture 10 % of the record label market, Polyphonic HIM price has to be a minimum of $466. 67 to break-even (Appendix 3).Therefore, in order to gain a profit margin of 0%, we recommend the price of $606. 67 per album. This price is still considerably lower compared to the market research record labels currently conducted. RISKS AND MITIGATION Major risk Polyphonic faces is the power of traditional approach inside music Industry. Top successful AR are used to rely on their gut feeling and intuitive ability to acoustically recognize hit song among thousands of songs that will never make it to the Top 40. That conservative approach has achieved results and the novelty of mixing art with mathematical approach might not be appealing.Another risk Polyphonic has to take is how the accuracy or inaccuracy of HAS ratings will affect consumer trust and therefore the desire for the future partnership. 80% rate of successful predictions still means 20% of failure rate. HAS is becoming an easy substitute of well-established costly yet trustworthy market researches such are call- out and focus groups. The risk of not matching record companys expectations on the quality and diversity of results though remains. It is possible to decrease these risks f R budget will be increased and aimed at improving current technology to reduce allure rates of predictions.